中考一轮复习八上U1-2

五、实战演练
【基础测查】
1. Cathy was born blind so she has _______ seen our beautiful world.
A． often    B． sometimes    C． seldom    D． never
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：Cathy先天失明所以她从来没有看见过我们美丽的世界。A项often经常；B项sometimes有时候；C项seldom很少；D项never从来没有。联系前后语境并通过“born blind”，可知Cathy天生是盲的，所以推测她从没有见过这个世界。这里应该用一个表否定意义的频度副词，结合选项应该用never表示“从来没有”，故选D。
2. Tom studies _____. He _____ plays with his friends.
A． hard; hard    B． hardly; hardly    C． hard; hardly
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：汤姆学习很努力，他几乎不和朋友们玩耍。选项中hard作副词时意为“努力地”，作形容词意为“辛苦的”；hardly为频度副词，意为“几乎不”。Study hard为动词加副词型的短语“努力学习”，故第一空选hard；根据语境可判断第二空填频度副词“几乎不”，故选C。
3. -How many hours does your grandpa play chess every day?
-______________.
A． Once a day    B． One    C． First    D． Once
【答案】B
【解析】
【点睛】
How many多少，后跟可数名词复数，询问可数名词的量，答语应使用基数词回答；how often多久一次，后跟一般疑问句，询问“频率”，回答时，使用every day, once a week等词。
4. -You look so tired, Sue.
-I__________ slept last night. I feel terrible now.
A． almost    B． hardly    C． usually    D． always
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：-你看起来很累，苏。-我昨晚几乎没睡。现在我感觉糟透了。A. almost副词，几乎、将近；B. hardly副词，几乎不，否定含义；C. usually副词，通常；D. always副词，总是。根据语境可知需要“否定”含义的“几乎不”。故选：B。
5. —_____ do you go to the sports club?    —At least once a week.
A． How long    B． How often    C． How much    D． How far
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：你多久去一次体育俱乐部？——一周至少一次。根据At least once a week.可知此处对频率提问，故用how often。故选B。
点睛：how long多长时间，对时间段提问；how often多久一次，对频率提问；how much多少钱，对价格提问；how far多远，对距离提问。
【能力提升】
1. It is terrible. It's raining so ________ that we can ________ go out.
A． hard; hardly    B． hard; hard    C． hardly; hard    D． hardly; hardly
【答案】A
2. —      do you shop?     —Once a week.
A． How long    B． How many    C． How often    D． How soon
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：-你多久购物一次？-一周一次。A.多久；B.多少；C.多久一次；D.多久以后。从答句的“一周一次”可以推测出前句是在问“多久一次”，用how often提问，故选C。
3.—Do you often exercise, Jack?
—No,       . I don’t like sports at all.
A． often    B． usually    C． never    D． always
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：-你经常锻炼吗，杰克？-不，从不，我根本不喜欢体育运动。A.经常；B.通常；C.从不；D.总是。从后半句的“根本不喜欢体育”可以推出“从不”锻炼，用频度副词never，故选C。
阅读单选
Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the world. It is a team sport. When two teams play basketball, both of them try to get points against one another. How do they get points? They throw a ball through a 10­foot high basket under some rules. The team with more points at the end of the game wins.
In early December, 1891, the basketball game was invented by Dr. James Naismith. He was a Canadian P. E. teacher in Springfield, USA． In the beginning, he just wanted to find an indoor game for his students in winter. He wrote the basic rules. He also set a basket onto a 10­foot high wall. The players got one point by shooting the brown soccer ball into the basket. He called the new game “Basket Ball”. This new kind of sport soon became one of the most popular sports in North America.
Now basketball is a popular sport all over the world. In the United States, NBA basketball matches are the most popular events.
1．What does the underlined word “points” mean in Chinese?
A． 得分    B． 点球    C． 指着    D． 规则
2．How do the basketball players get points?
A． By throwing a ball through a basket.
B． By kicking the ball into a hole.
C． By getting the ball from the players from the other team.
D． By throwing a ball to the P. E. teacher.
3．In what time of the year was the basketball game invented?
A． In spring.    B． In summer.    C． In autumn.    D． In winter.
4．About Dr. James Naismith, which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A． He wrote the rules for the game.    B． He was the best basketball player in 1891.
C． He wasn't born in the United States.    D． He was a P. E. teacher in Springfield.
5．What's the best title for this passage?
A． The Most Popular Sport in the World    B． The Life of Dr. James Naismith
C． The History of Basketball    D． How to Play Basketball Well
 
【答案】
1．A
2．A
3．D
4．B
5．C
【解析】
2．题意：篮球运动员如何得分？考查细节理解题。根据They throw a ball through a 10­-foot high basket under some rules.，可知把球抛进10英尺高的篮筐可得分，故选A。
3．题意：篮球比赛是在一年中的什么时候发明的？考查细节理解题。根据In the beginning, he just wanted to find an indoor game for his students in winter.，可知是冬季，故选D。
4．题意：关于詹姆斯·奈史密斯博士，下面哪一个不是正确的？考查细节理解题。A. He wrote the rules for the game. 他写了游戏规则。B. He was the best basketball player in 1891.他是1891年最好的篮球运动员。C. He wasn't born in the United States. 他不是出生在美国。D. He was a P. E. teacher in Springfield. 他是斯普林菲尔德的一名体育教师。根据In early December, 1891, the basketball game was invented by Dr. James Naismith.，可知詹姆斯·奈史密斯博士于1891年12月初发明了篮球比赛，故选B。
5．题意：这篇文章最好的题目是什么？考查标题归纳题。A. The Most Popular Sport in the World世界上最流行的体育运动。B. The Life of Dr. James Naismith詹姆斯·奈史密斯博士的生活。C. The History of Basketball篮球史。D. How to Play Basketball Well如何打好篮球。根据短文内容，结合主题句Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the world.，可知介绍的是篮球的发展历史，故选C。
【点睛】
本题是阅读理解题，首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读理解的题目中，所设问题主要有以下几种方式：找主题或概括文章的中心思想、就文中的具体事实和情节进行提问、根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断等，在细读时，要根据设问的方式，进行有侧重地阅读。1、概括文章中心思想。1)文首呈现主题句。2)文尾出现主题句。3)首尾呼应展现主题。4)文中表述主题。前面提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后再做进一步的解释。5)文章没有主题句。在这种情况下，考生要把所有的细节综合起来。进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出文章的主题句。2.掌握文章的具体事实和重要情节。在考题中，经常会见到就文章中某一具体事实和重要情节进行测试的题目。这就要求考生在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这些都有可能作为测试点。还有一些测试题，要求考生在理解的基础上，通过自己的思维将理解的内容系统化，比如计算、排序等题型。