仔细阅读题干可知fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas为本题的定位关键词，在原文中的If you like，a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown.可知，香蕉中放入少量的鲜柠檬汁可以使其不变棕色。故选_B__。
3．数字计算题：“加减乘除”巧破解
关键词：☆阅读题干，找准关键词 ☆查找段落，划定信息 ☆计算数据，整合分析
从文章中找到包含所需信息的段落，迅速确定关键词，然后重点理解。对于离散的细节理解或数字运算题，需要先找到与之相关的事实或数据，然后进行分析整合。
典例 (2018·全国卷Ⅰ，C片段)
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lost, often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
◆How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?
A．About 6,800. B．About 3,400.
C．About 2,400. D．About 1,200.
[解题思路]
根据题干中的关键词less than 6,000 people at present可定位到第三段最后一句The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000，which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that可知，目前在世界范围内，不同语言的使用人数的中位数是6 000，这就意味着世界上有一半的语言的使用人数不到6 000。结合第三段第一句At present，the world has about 6,800 languages，我们可以计算出一共有6 800种语言的一半，即3 400种语言在被不到6 000人使用。故选_B__。
4．正误判断题→逐项击破去伪存真
关键词：☆根据关键词，找到相关信息句 ☆对比选项和信息句，逐项击破 ☆表达“绝对化”的选项一般不是正确的选项
解答正误判断类的细节理解题，首先根据题干中的关键信息和四个选项的内容速览文章，查找与之相关的原文信息句，然后一一对比，找出与文章内容完全相符的选项，并最终确定答案。
A
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ，A)
OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS
Animals Out of Paper
Yolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami(折纸术) artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio.Merri Milwe directs.In previews.Opens Feb.12.(West Park Presbyterian Church,165 W．86th St.212－868－4444.)
The Audience
Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan，about Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years.Stephen Daldry directs.Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey.Previews begin Feb.14.(Schoenfeld，236 W．45th St.212－239－6200.)
Hamilton
Lin－Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story.Thomas Kail directs.In previews.Opens Feb.17.(Public,425 Lafayette St.212－967－7555.)
On the Twentieth Century
Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green，about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star's love during a cross－country train journey.Scott Ellis directs，for Roundabout Theatre Company.Previews begin Feb.12.(American Airlines Theatre,227 W．42nd St.212－719－1300.)
文章大意：主题：人与社会(艺术)；话题：戏剧和音乐剧的开演和预演广告。本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了两部戏剧和两部音乐剧的内容简介、导演等相关信息。
1．What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about？_A__
A．A type of art. B．A teenager's studio.
C．A great teacher. D．A group of animals.
解析：推理判断题。由题干中的the play by Rajiv Joseph定位到原文第一则广告。由此广告中戏剧的名字Animals Out of Paper以及“...in which an origami artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio.(……在这部戏剧中，一位折纸艺术家把一个青少年天才和他的老师邀请到了她的工作室)”可知，这部戏剧很可能是关于一种艺术——折纸术的，故选A项。
2．Who is the director of The Audience？_D__
A．Helen Mirren. B．Peter Morgan.
C．Dylan Baker. D．Stephen Daldry.
解析：细节理解题。由题干中的the director of The Audience定位到原文第二则广告。由此广告中的“Stephen Daldry directs.”可知导演是Stephen Daldry，故选D项。
3．Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history？_C__
A．Animals Out of Paper. B．The Audience.
C．Hamilton. D．On the Twentieth Century.
解析：细节理解题。由题干中的American history定位到原文第三则广告。由此广告中的“...in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story.(……在这部音乐剧中，美国的诞生被以一个移民故事的形式展现出来)”可知，你如果对美国历史感兴趣，应该去看Hamilton这部音乐剧。
B
(2018·全国卷Ⅰ，A)
Washington, D．C．Bicycle Tours
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D．C．
Duration：3 hours
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world－famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D．C．Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom.Reserve your spot before availability—and the cherry blossoms—disappear !
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour
Duration：3 hours (4 miles)
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D．C．Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop.Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.
Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D．C．
Duration：3 hours
Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D．C．newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D．C．in a healthy way with minimum effort.Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks.Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线)make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
Duration：3 hours(7miles)
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D．C．Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall.Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history.Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water.All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.
文章大意：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在华盛顿特区进行的四项自行车旅行。
4．Which tour do you need to book in advance？_A__
A．Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D．C．
B．Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.
C．Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D．C．
D．Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一项自行车旅行中的“Reserve your spot before availability—and the cherry blossoms—disappear！”可知，这项自行车旅行需要预订。其他三项自行车旅行都没有提到需要预订。
5．What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour？_D__
A．Meet famous people.
B．Go to a national park.
C．Visit well－known museums.
D．Enjoy interesting stories.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三项自行车旅行中的“Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress，memorials，and parks.”可知，在Capital City Bike Tour中，导游会为你讲述关于总统、国会、纪念碑和公园的最有趣的故事。A项颠倒是非，尽管文中提到总统、国会等，但这只是导游要讲述的故事的主题，并不是说可以见到名人。B项颠倒是非，文中提到导游会讲述关于公园的故事，没有提到参观国家公园。C项无中生有，文中没有提到参观著名博物馆。
6．Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide？_D__
A．City maps. B．Cameras.
C．Meals. D．Safety lights.
解析：细节理解题。由题干中的at night可定位到最后一项自行车旅行。根据最后两句“Tour includes bike，helmet，and bottled water.All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.”可知，在晚上进行的这项自行车旅行给游客配备了安全灯。A、B、C三项无中生有，文中都没有提到。
苏19057182-3号