阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Penguins are some of the most recognizable and beloved birds in the world and even have their own holiday: World Penguin Day. It ____41____ (celebrate) every year on April 25. Penguins are also ____42____ (amaze) birds because of their physical adaptations to survive in unusual climates and to live mostly at sea.
Penguins are primarily found only in the Southern Hemisphere (南半球) while most people associate penguins with Antarctica in ____43____ these birds are much more widespread. Penguin populations can be found in South America, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand, as well ____44____ many small islands in the southern Pacific Ocean.
The naturally northernmost penguin species is the Galapagos penguin, which lives year round near the equator on the Galapagos Islands. This penguin ____45____ (regular) crosses the equator into the Northern Hemisphere as it swims while feeding.
Penguins lost the ability to fly ____46____ (million) of years ago, but their powerful flippers (脚蹼) and streamlined bodies make them become ____47____ (skill) swimmers. They are the fastest swimming and deepest diving species of the bird and can stay underwater up to 20 minutes at ____48____ time. While swimming, penguins will leap above the surface of the water.
Penguins’ eyes work ____49____ (well) underwater than they do in the air, giving them superior eyesight _____50_____ (spot) prey (猎物) while hunting, even in cloudy or dark water, or in the rapid flow. What a surprising and cute animal it is!
【答案】41. is celebrated
42. amazing
43. which 44. as
45. regularly
46. millions
47. skilled / skillful / skilful
48. a 49. better
50. to spot
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了企鹅是一种神奇的鸟类以及其生活区域、外形等信息。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：它是在每年的4月25日庆祝。根据every year可知，时态是一般现在时，且主语是It，与celebrate之间是动宾关系，因此要用被动语态。故填is celebrated。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：企鹅也是一种神奇的鸟类，因为它们的身体适应了不同寻常的气候，而且大多生活在海里。根据名词birds可知，此处要用形容词作定语修饰名词。故填amazing。
【43题详解】
考查介词+which引导的定语从句。句意：企鹅主要生活在南半球，而大多数人把企鹅和南极洲联系在一起，因为企鹅在那里分布得更广。根据介词in可知，此处要用which，构成由in which引导的限制性定语从句，先行词是Antarctica，in which在定语从句中充当地点状语。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：企鹅种群分布在南美洲、南非、澳大利亚和新西兰，以及南太平洋的许多小岛上。短语as well as“和……一样”是固定搭配。故填as。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：这种企鹅在进食时游泳，经常穿过赤道进入北半球。根据crosses可知，此处要用副词修饰谓语动词。故填regularly。
【46题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：企鹅在数百万年前就失去了飞翔的能力，但它们强有力的鳍状肢和流线型的身体使它们成为熟练的游泳者。根据years ago可知，此处要用数量词，millions of“数百外的”。故填millions。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：企鹅在数百万年前就失去了飞翔的能力，但它们强有力的鳍状肢和流线型的身体使它们成为熟练的游泳者。根据swimmers可知，此处要用形容词作定语，修饰名词。故填skilled/ skillful/ skilful。
【48题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它们是游得最快、潜水最深的鸟类，一次可以在水下停留20分钟。短语at a time“一次，每次”是固定搭配。故填a。
【49题详解】
考查副词的比较级。句意：企鹅的眼睛在水下比在空中工作得更好，这使它们在捕猎时能更好地发现猎物，即使在浑浊或黑暗的水中，或在湍急的水流中也是如此。根据than they do in the air可知，此处要用副词的比较级来修饰动词work。故填better。
【50题详解】
考查不定式作目的状语。句意：企鹅的眼睛在水下比在空中工作得更好，这使它们在捕猎时能更好地发现猎物，即使在浑浊或黑暗的水中，或在湍急的水流中也是如此。此处要用不定式作目的状语，表示目的。故填to spot。
【点睛】第1小题考查了一般现在时的被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态，肯定句的主要结构为：主语（动作接受者）+is/am/are+动词的过去分词+by+动作执行者。如：
Football is played in most countries in the world.
The boy is called Jack.
Penguins are some of the most recognizable and beloved birds in the world and even have their own holiday: World Penguin Day. It ____41____ (celebrate) every year on April 25. Penguins are also ____42____ (amaze) birds because of their physical adaptations to survive in unusual climates and to live mostly at sea.
Penguins are primarily found only in the Southern Hemisphere (南半球) while most people associate penguins with Antarctica in ____43____ these birds are much more widespread. Penguin populations can be found in South America, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand, as well ____44____ many small islands in the southern Pacific Ocean.
The naturally northernmost penguin species is the Galapagos penguin, which lives year round near the equator on the Galapagos Islands. This penguin ____45____ (regular) crosses the equator into the Northern Hemisphere as it swims while feeding.
Penguins lost the ability to fly ____46____ (million) of years ago, but their powerful flippers (脚蹼) and streamlined bodies make them become ____47____ (skill) swimmers. They are the fastest swimming and deepest diving species of the bird and can stay underwater up to 20 minutes at ____48____ time. While swimming, penguins will leap above the surface of the water.
Penguins’ eyes work ____49____ (well) underwater than they do in the air, giving them superior eyesight _____50_____ (spot) prey (猎物) while hunting, even in cloudy or dark water, or in the rapid flow. What a surprising and cute animal it is!
【答案】41. is celebrated
42. amazing
43. which 44. as
45. regularly
46. millions
47. skilled / skillful / skilful
48. a 49. better
50. to spot
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了企鹅是一种神奇的鸟类以及其生活区域、外形等信息。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：它是在每年的4月25日庆祝。根据every year可知，时态是一般现在时，且主语是It，与celebrate之间是动宾关系，因此要用被动语态。故填is celebrated。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：企鹅也是一种神奇的鸟类，因为它们的身体适应了不同寻常的气候，而且大多生活在海里。根据名词birds可知，此处要用形容词作定语修饰名词。故填amazing。
【43题详解】
考查介词+which引导的定语从句。句意：企鹅主要生活在南半球，而大多数人把企鹅和南极洲联系在一起，因为企鹅在那里分布得更广。根据介词in可知，此处要用which，构成由in which引导的限制性定语从句，先行词是Antarctica，in which在定语从句中充当地点状语。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：企鹅种群分布在南美洲、南非、澳大利亚和新西兰，以及南太平洋的许多小岛上。短语as well as“和……一样”是固定搭配。故填as。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：这种企鹅在进食时游泳，经常穿过赤道进入北半球。根据crosses可知，此处要用副词修饰谓语动词。故填regularly。
【46题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：企鹅在数百万年前就失去了飞翔的能力，但它们强有力的鳍状肢和流线型的身体使它们成为熟练的游泳者。根据years ago可知，此处要用数量词，millions of“数百外的”。故填millions。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：企鹅在数百万年前就失去了飞翔的能力，但它们强有力的鳍状肢和流线型的身体使它们成为熟练的游泳者。根据swimmers可知，此处要用形容词作定语，修饰名词。故填skilled/ skillful/ skilful。
【48题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它们是游得最快、潜水最深的鸟类，一次可以在水下停留20分钟。短语at a time“一次，每次”是固定搭配。故填a。
【49题详解】
考查副词的比较级。句意：企鹅的眼睛在水下比在空中工作得更好，这使它们在捕猎时能更好地发现猎物，即使在浑浊或黑暗的水中，或在湍急的水流中也是如此。根据than they do in the air可知，此处要用副词的比较级来修饰动词work。故填better。
【50题详解】
考查不定式作目的状语。句意：企鹅的眼睛在水下比在空中工作得更好，这使它们在捕猎时能更好地发现猎物，即使在浑浊或黑暗的水中，或在湍急的水流中也是如此。此处要用不定式作目的状语，表示目的。故填to spot。
【点睛】第1小题考查了一般现在时的被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态，肯定句的主要结构为：主语（动作接受者）+is/am/are+动词的过去分词+by+动作执行者。如：
Football is played in most countries in the world.
The boy is called Jack.
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