Scientists have proved the idea wrong that women are underrepresented in the technology, engineering
英语试题 08-02
Scientists have proved the idea wrong that women are underrepresented in the technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) industries because of biological differences which affect their math skills. Girls and boys have similar brains and are equally able when it comes to understanding math, according to the study.
The research involved 104 children aged between 3 to 10 years old, 55 of whom were girls. The kids watched an educational video featuring math concepts such as counting and addition, while the scientists recorded their brain activity using an MRI scanner. The team then compared all the scan results. According to the data, there was no difference between the children's brain functions or development. And the boys and girls appeared to be equally tuned into the videos.The team also looked at the results of a math ability test taken by 97 children aged between 3 and 8 years old, 50 of whom were girls. Both genders performed equally well, regardless of age.
Between 2015 and 2016, women made up only 35.5 percent of STEM students in the US, 32.6 percent of masters courses, and 33.7 percent at PhD level. Jessica Cantlon, professor of developmental neuroscience at Carnegie Mellon University and senior author of the paper, commented in a statement: “Science doesn't align with folk beliefs. We see that children's brains function similarly regardless of their gender so hopefully we can redefine expectations of what children can achieve in mathematics.”
Cantlon said: “Typical socialization can enlarge small differences between boys and girls that can snowball into how we treat them in science and math. We need to be aware of these origins to ensure we aren't the ones causing the gender unfairness.”
Alyssa Kersey, postdoctoral scholar at the University of Chicago department of psychology and first author on the paper, said in a statement: “It's not just that boys and girls are using the math network in the same ways but that similarities were evident across the entire brain. This is an important reminder that humans are more similar to each other than we are different.”
32. How did the researchers compare the children's brain functions?
A. By using an MRI scanner.
B. By asking them questions.
C. By testing their experiment ability.
D. By recording an educational videos.
33. Why does the gender gap in STEM field happen according to Cantlon?
A. Due to their different interests.
B. Owing to the gender unfairness.
The research involved 104 children aged between 3 to 10 years old, 55 of whom were girls. The kids watched an educational video featuring math concepts such as counting and addition, while the scientists recorded their brain activity using an MRI scanner. The team then compared all the scan results. According to the data, there was no difference between the children's brain functions or development. And the boys and girls appeared to be equally tuned into the videos.The team also looked at the results of a math ability test taken by 97 children aged between 3 and 8 years old, 50 of whom were girls. Both genders performed equally well, regardless of age.
Between 2015 and 2016, women made up only 35.5 percent of STEM students in the US, 32.6 percent of masters courses, and 33.7 percent at PhD level. Jessica Cantlon, professor of developmental neuroscience at Carnegie Mellon University and senior author of the paper, commented in a statement: “Science doesn't align with folk beliefs. We see that children's brains function similarly regardless of their gender so hopefully we can redefine expectations of what children can achieve in mathematics.”
Cantlon said: “Typical socialization can enlarge small differences between boys and girls that can snowball into how we treat them in science and math. We need to be aware of these origins to ensure we aren't the ones causing the gender unfairness.”
Alyssa Kersey, postdoctoral scholar at the University of Chicago department of psychology and first author on the paper, said in a statement: “It's not just that boys and girls are using the math network in the same ways but that similarities were evident across the entire brain. This is an important reminder that humans are more similar to each other than we are different.”
32. How did the researchers compare the children's brain functions?
A. By using an MRI scanner.
B. By asking them questions.
C. By testing their experiment ability.
D. By recording an educational videos.
33. Why does the gender gap in STEM field happen according to Cantlon?
A. Due to their different interests.
B. Owing to the gender unfairness.
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